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Research and Sources on Biodegradable and Compostable Dog Poop Bags: Reference List

*This is not an exhaustive list but are some of the main sources we have used during our research.

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Bio-based plastic concerns:

 

Biodegradable Plastic Association: 21 problems with compostable plastic-
https://www.biodeg.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/BPA-21-Reasons-why-20-12-22.pdf

Further concerns with compostable plastic - https://www.biodeg.org/subjects-of-interest/composting/

Microplastics from biodegradable plastics - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-021-16435-4

PBAT microplastics from biodegradable plastics, Sorption and desorption of phenanthrene on biodegradable poly(butylene adipate co-terephtalate) microplastics, PubMed.
Findings that PBAT absorbs pollutants more strongly than conventional microplastics -
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30300808/

Microplastics in industrial compost:

Biodegradable plastic particles in finished compost -
https://www.chemeurope.com/en/news/1176729/biodegradable-plastic-particles-in-finished-compost.html

Publications sharing effects of PBAT from bioplastics when incinerated:

Life cycle analyses of recycled plastic:
Lowest global warming potential and energy use impacts – https://pubs.aip.org/aip/acp/article/1779/1/140001/825906/Environmental-and-economic-life-cycle-analysis-of

Recycled plastic as a carbon reduction strategy -https://www.preventedoceanplastic.com/recycled-plastic-an-undervalued-carbon-reduction-strategy/

Publication sharing that 60% of certified home compostable plastic is not biodegrading in home compost - https://www.circularonline.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Big-compost-policy-briefing-November-2022-FINAL.pdf

Published papers and articles finding that biodegradable plastics are not breaking down in the real world:

Papers and publications sharing that biodegradable plastics produce methane in landfill:

  • Davis G, Song JH (2006) Biodegradable packaging based on raw materials from crops and their impact on waste management. Ind Crops Prod 23:147–161
  • Lombardi L, Carnevale E, Corti A (2006) Greenhouse effect reduction and energy recovery from waste landfill. Energy 31:3208–3219
  • Machado SL, Carvalho MF, Gourc JP, Vilar OM, do Nascimento JCF (2009) Methane generation in tropical landfills: simplified methods and field results. Waste Manag 29:153–161

Biodegradable and conventional plastic are similarly toxic:
Findings that biobased and biodegradable plastics are similarly toxic to conventional plastics - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32951901/ 

BBC Radio 4 podcast ‘Sliced Bread’ discusses poo bags – conclusions where "biodegradable" is "marketing BS", "compostable" comes with several big caveats. If not composting poo bags they recommend re-using waste materials/recycled poop bags.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001n8nb

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